UNIT 3: ADVENTURE

VOCABULARY

Naturaal features. I can express my preferences about places and activities.

THINK! Can you name two natural features that Việt Nam is famous for? Which ones have you visited?

Answer:

Two natural features that Viet Nam is famous for are caves and beaches. I have visited Phong Nha Ke Bang cave.

1. Complete the table with the words in blue in the quiz. Then compare your answers with a partner’s.

WORLD of ADVENTURE

WE'VE FOUND SOME OF THE BEST PLACES IN THE WORLD FOR ADVENTURES. DO OUR COMPETITION QUIZ FOR A CHANCE TO WIN THE ADVENTURE OF A LIFETIME!

1. The Red Sea is a great place for scuba-diving. Which of these is not a sea?

a. The Yellow Sea

b. The Black Sea

c. The Blue Sea

2. The Grand Canyon is an enormous, deep valley. The river which made it is the.....

a. Nile

b. Colorado

c. Congo

3. In Quảng Bình, Việt Nam, there is an enormous cave called Son Doong. It holds the world's largest natural cave with a volume of....

a. 28.5 million m3

b. 38.5 million m3

c. 48.5 million m3

4. Brazil is a fantastic place for adventure. You can visit the spectacular falls at Iguazu, or watch the wildlife in the Amazon rainforest, which is bigger than.....

a. the USA

b. South America

c. Western Europe

5. You can surf some of the world's biggest waves in the Atlantic ocean off the beaches of Ireland and Portugal. Which of these is not an ocean?

a. Indian

b. North

c. Pacific

6. In the Gobi March, competitors run 250 kilometres through the dunes of the Gobi Desert. The race is part of a four-race desert challenge which also includes the....

a. Sahara, Atacama and the Antarctic

b. Alps, Andes and Himalayas

c. Islands, Highlands and Lowlands

Answer:

2. Do the quiz with a partner. Then listen and check your answers.

Answer:

…………………………………………………………………………………….

3. Watch or listen to Max, Alicia and Elizabeth talking about places and activities. What place would each person like to visit?

Answer:

…………………………………………………………………………………….

4. USE IT! Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions 1 - 4 using the key phrases.

Answer:

A: Would you prefer to explore Cát Tiên National Park or a rainforest?

B: I'd much prefer to explore Cat Tien National Park.

A: Would you prefer to visit a volcano or a cave?

B: I'd much prefer to visit a cave.

A: Would you prefer to travel to America or Australia?

B: I'd love to travel to America.

Finished?

Think about two places of interest in Việt Nam. Use the key phrases to talk about which one you'd prefer to see and why.

Answer:

Cuc Phuong National Park and Nha Trang Beach are two places of interest in Viet Nam. I’d much prefer to visit Nha Trang Beach than Cuc Phuong National Park. Because I’d love to enjoy the sunshine on the sea and bathe in the sea. It’s my dream to surf or scuba dive.

READING

An epic adventure. I can identify an author’s audience and Intention.

THINK! What’s the longest journey you’ve done? What’s the longest time you’ve been away from your home?

Answer:

The longest journey I’ve ever done is a 4 day 3 night volunteer tour in Ha Giang. It’s also the longest time I’ve been away from my home and it’s my first trip without my parents.

1. Read the blog post and answer the questions to identify the purpose of the text.

1. Who is writing? Why?

2. Who is the author writing for?

3. What question does she want her readers to answer?

RACHEL RIDLEY

Follow the dream

Hey! Do you dream of exotic places? Of trips to distant deserts and mountains? Do you dream of adventure? Well, Liz Clark has been living that dream, and I've been following her inspirational blog.

After finishing university, Liz learned to sail as one of her old professors offered to lend her his yacht for as long as she wanted it.

In October 2005, she set off on her journey. Liz found it hard to leave behind her friends and family, but she's been travelling to many fascinating places for over fifteen years. Among other countries, she has stopped off in Mexico, Costa Rica, Panama and the Galapagos Islands.

When she stops somewhere, she surfs, does yoga and writes her blog. Adverts on Liz's blog have been paying for her trip. There are beautiful beaches, crystal clear water and perfect surf in her photos.

But life on the ocean can also be difficult. ‘It feels so great to inspire others to live their dreams,' says Liz, ‘I've worked hard and it hasn't always been easy or fun.’

She also gets very lonely, but she keeps going. She's looking for some company on the boat to stay with her as she carries on her journey around the world. Liz, I think I'll join you! Does anyone else want some adventure?

Answer:

1. Rachel Ridley, she’s recommending a blog.

2. Her blog audience

3. Does anyone else want some adventure?

2. Read and listen to the text again and answer the questions.

1. How long has Liz Clark been travelling?

2. How did she get her yacht?

3. What does Liz do when she stops somewhere?

4. How does Liz pay for her trip?

5. Why does Rachel offer to join Liz on her journey?

Answer:

…………………………………………………………………………………….

3. VOCABULARY PLUS. Use a dictionary to check the meaning of the phrases in blue in the text.

Answer:

- set off: lên đường

- leave behind: bỏ lại phía sau

- stop off: ngừng chuyến đi, hành trình

- stay with: ở cùng với

- carry on: tiếp tục

4. USE IT! Work in pairs. Think of three advantages and three disadvantages of going on a trip on your own.

Answer:

LANGUAGE FOCUS

Present perfect simple and present perfect continuous. I can talk about actions which have been in preogress.

1. Study the examples of the present perfect simple and continuous from the blog on page 32. Then complete rules 1-3.

Present perfect simple

She has stopped off in Mexico ...

‘I've worked hard.’

‘It hasn't been always easy or fun.’

Present perfect continuous

Liz Clark has been living that dream...

I've been following her inspirational blog ...

Adverts on Liz’s blog have been paying for her trip.

RULES

1. The present perfect continuous is formed by: subject + have(n’t) / _____(n’t) + _______ + verb + -ing.

2. The present perfect simple / continuous describes general life experiences or recent events.

3. The present perfect simple / continuous also describes events in the past that are still happening now. It emphasises the duration of the activity.

Answer:

1. has, been

2. simple

3. continuous

2. PRONUNCIATION: /æ/ and /ə/. Listen to the examples. How do we pronounce have and has when they are weak forms?

Have (/ə/) you been travelling?

Yes, I have (/æ/).

Has (/ə/) it been fun?

Yes, it has (/æ/), but it hasn’t (/æ/) been easy, and the weather has (/ə/) been terrible.

Answer:

…………………………………………………………………………………..

3. Read the text and choose the correct form of the verbs.

Sophie Hey George, how are you? We're still on our trip in Kenya and (1) it's been / it’s been being fantastic. (2) I’ve been sitting / I’ve sat in a jeep for the last three hours and the animals don’t seem shy. (3) I haven’t been using / I haven’t used binoculars because they come very close. Look at this photo which (4) I’ve been taking / I’ve taken from the jeep. This is such a great experience - (5) we've had / we've been having a great time. I don't want it to end.

Answer:

1. it’s been

2. I’ve been sitting

3. I haven’t been using

4. I’ve taken

5. we’ve been having

4. Complete the sentences with the correct present perfect form of the verbs in brackets.

1. I ______ (swim) in the Atlantic. I remember it clearly.

2. They ______ (run) for hours, so they’re feeling tired.

3. We ______ (visit) Argentina a couple of times.

4. _____ (you / sit) in the sun for long? Your face is very red.

Answer:

1. have swum

2. have been running

3. have visited

4. Have you been sitting

5. USE IT! Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions using the present perfect continuous, the words in the box and the ideas below.

___ English recently?

What music ___ to recently?

___ in this town for long?

How ___ lately?

What ___ all day?

How long ___ this book?

Answer:

- Have you been using English recently?

→ Yes, I have. I've been using English to communicate with my colleagues at work who speak different languages.

- How long have you been living in this town?

→ I have been living in this town for two years now.

- What music have you been listening to recently?

→ I have been listening to a lot of pop music recently. Especially the latest album by Taylor Swift.

- What have you been doing all day?

→ I have been studying for my exams all day today.

- How long have you been reading this book?

→ I have been reading this book for three days now.

VOCABULARY AND LISTENING

Extreme adventures. I can give my opinion and adventure activities and describe activities I have done.

THINK! Have you ever watched any videos of extreme adventures or sports? What sport was it?

Answer:

I have watched a video of rock climbing recently. In the video, climbers are highly focused and aware of their surroundings at all times as even a small mistake could be fatal. They are equipped with specialized equipment, including ropes, harnesses, carabiners, and other safety devices to protect them from falling. That's thrilling and interesting at the same time.

1. Look at the pictures A-D below. Match the prepositions in the box with the actions. Say what each person is doing. Then listen and check.

Answer:

…………………………………………………………………………………..

2. Read Your Top Five Extreme Adventures and check the meaning of the sports verbs in blue. Then choose the correct prepositions.

YOUR TOP FIVE EXTREME ADVENTURES

Take a look at these amazing achievements and choose ‘like’ on your favourite to vote.

Sail (1) around / on the world alone at the age of fourteen. (Laura Dekker)

Climb (2) through / up Everest at the age of thirteen. (Jordan Romero and Malavath Poorna)

Dive (3) over / off a 27-metre-high cliff into a lake. (Gary Hunt)

Surf (4) – / off a thirty-metre wave. (Garrett McNamara)

Cycle (5) down / under a mountain at 222 kilometres per hour. (Eric Barone)

Answer:

1. around

2. up

3. off

4. -

5. down

3. Listen to a TV programme about the achievements in exercise 2. Put the sports that are mentioned in the correct order.

Answer:

…………………………………………………………………………………..

4. Listen again and answer the questions.

1. What did Eric Barone cycle over?

2. How old was Laura Dekker when she finished sailing around the world?

3. Has anyone younger beaten her record?

4. Where were the teenage Everest climbers from?

5. According to the presenter, which person has the most votes?

Answer:

…………………………………………………………………………………..

5. Read the Study Strategy. Close your book and make a note of three things you learned from the TV programme. Compare your answers with a partner’s.

Answer:

Three things I learned from the TV programme:

• The reality show provides us with survival knowledge and life skills.
• Documentaries can help develop critical thinking about society and the world.
• The Cookery Program can teach people how to cook deliciously.

6. USE IT! Work with a partner. Ask and answer questions about adventure activities. Use the ideas below.

Do you like the look of …?

Would you like to try …?

Have you ever tried …?

What do you think of …?

Answer:

A: Do you like the look of Everest?

B: Yes, of course.

A: Would you like to try skydiving?

B: Yes, I’d love to.

A: Have you ever tried to cycle down the mountain?

B: No, I have never ever tried it.

A: What do you think of sailing around the world?

B: I think it's very exciting but also risky.

LANGUAGE FOCUS

Present perfect simple + just, still, yet and already. I can talk about what I have and haven’t done.

Present perfect simple + just

1. Study these sentences from exercise 3 on page 34. Then answer the questions.

We've just seen the videos about them.

I've just finished a sailing trip.

1. Do we use the present perfect with just to talk about recent events or events a long time ago?

2. What's the position of just in an affirmative present perfect sentence?

Answer:

1. We use the present perfect with just to talk about recent events.

2. Just goes between have and the past participle.

2. Complete the sentences with just and the present perfect simple form of the verbs in brackets. Then write the question form.

I've just done my first parachute jump. (do)

Have you just done your first parachute jump?

1. I _________ something funny. (see)

2. Sam __________ into the lake. (dive)

3. We _________ past my friend's house. (drive)

4. He ________ break the world record again. (break)

Answer:

1. I’ve just seen something funny. → Have you just seen something funny?

2. Sam has just dived into the lake. → Has Sam just dived into the lake?

3. We have just driven past my friend’s house. → Have we just driven past my friend’s house?

4. He has just broken the world record again. → Has he just broken the world record again?

3. Explain the situations with your own words. Use the correct present perfect simple form with because and just.

My left ski is broken ...

My left ski is broken because I've just had an accident.

1. The team are celebrating ________________.

2. I haven't got any money now _____________.

3. My room is tidy _______________________.

4. He looks frightened ____________________.

Answer:

1. The team are celebrating because we've just won the game.

2. I haven't got any money now because I've just bought a new computer.

3. My room is tidy because my mother has just cleaned it up.

4. He looks frightened because he has just seen a rat.

Present perfect simple + still, yet and already

4. Study sentences 1 - 3. Then match them with rules A - C.

1. Have you decided yet?

2. I still haven’t decided.

3. He’s already decided.

RULES:

A. This describes an action which happened sooner than we expected.

B. This emphasises an expected action which hasn’t happened.

C. This asks if an expected action has happened or not.

Answer:

1 – C; 2 – B; 3 – A

5. Complete the rules with still, yet or already.

RULES:

1. We use ______ with negative forms of the present perfect. It goes before hasn’t or haven’t.

2. We use ______ in affirmative sentences. It goes between has / have and the main verb.

3. We use ______ in questions and negative sentences. It goes at the end of the sentence.

Answer:

6. Order the words to make sentences.

1. my friends and I / our next adventure / decided on / already / have

2. I’ve / a surfboard / already / borrowed

3. still / transport / organised / haven’t / we

4. we / bought / yet / any food / haven’t.

Answer:

1. My friends and I have already decided on our next adventure.

2. I’ve already borrowed a surfboard.

3. We still haven’t organised transport.

4. We haven’t bought any food yet.

7. Read Nam’s wish list. Write sentences about what he has and hasn’t done. Use still, yet and already.

Answer:

1. Nam still hasn’t seen Dambri Waterfall. / He hasn’t seen Dambri Waterfall yet.

2. He has already tried surfing.

3. He has already sailed around Hạ Long Bay.

4. He still hasn’t climbed up Fansipan. / He hasn’t climbed up Fansipan yet.

8. USE IT! Think about what you have and haven’t done today, this year and in your life. Write sentences about each time period with the present perfect and still, yet or already.

Answer:

Today:

- I have already had breakfast this morning.

- I haven't finished my work yet.

- I still haven’t gone for a run.

This year:

- I have already visited four different countries.

- I haven't learned a new language yet.

- I still haven’t found a new job.

In my life:

- I have already graduated from university.

- I haven't traveled to South America yet.

- I still haven’t learned how to play the piano.

Finished?

Look at the photos on pages 30-35. Write sentences about what each person has just done, or hasn't done yet.

Answer:

He has already surfed in the Iguazu Falls.

Gary has just dived off a 27-metre-high cliff into the lake.

She hasn’t climbed up Everest yet.

SPEAKING

Exchanging news. I can request and respond to personal news.

THINK! Imagine that you haven't been in contact with a friend for a month. What do you talk about?

Answer:

I talk about what I’ve done for a month, such as exam preparation and last week's trip. I will also ask my friend about what he/she has been up to in the past month.

1. Complete the dialogue with the phrases in the box. Then watch or listen and check. Where has Daisy just been? What has Neil got all week?

Answer:

.................................................................................................................................

2. Study the Key Phrases. Cover the dialogue and try to remember who says the phrases, Daisy (D) or Neil (N). Watch or listen again and check.

Answer:

.................................................................................................................................

3. Work in pairs. Practise the dialogue.

Answer:

Học sinh tự thực hành.

4. Work in pairs. Match the phrases. Then ask and answer the two questions with your partner.

1. What have you

2. I haven’t seen you

3. I’ve been studying

4. Have you been doing

5. It was good

a. anything special?

b. been up to?

c. to see you again.

d. for ages.

e. all week.

Answer:

1 – b; 2 – d; 3 – e; 4 – a; 5 – c

5. USE IT! Work in pairs. Read the situation. Prepare and practise a new dialogue. Use the key phrases and the dialogue in exercise 1 to help you.

Student A: You meet a cousin who you haven't seen for a few months. Ask him / her what they've been up to. You've got exams next week, so you've been busy, too.

Student B: You've just come back from an adventure holiday in Vietnam. Tell Student A about it. Ask him / her what they've been up to.

Answer:

Student A: Hi! It's been ages since we last saw each other. What have you been up to?

Student B: Hey, I've actually just come back from an adventure holiday in Vietnam. It was incredible! Have you been doing anything special?

Student A: Wow, that sounds amazing! I wish I could go on a holiday like that. Unfortunately, I've been studying all week for my exams next week, so I haven't done anything too exciting.

Student B: Ah, I see. Good luck with your exams though! I'm sure you'll do great.

Student A: Thanks! I'm just feeling a bit stressed out at the moment.

Student B: I can imagine. But once your exams are over, you should definitely plan a trip somewhere. Vietnam is definitely worth considering!

Student A: Definitely! It was good to see you again and hear about your holiday.

Student B: Likewise! Let's catch up properly soon.

WRITING

An FAQ page. I can use relative clauses to descibe a sport.

THINK! What does FAQ mean? Where do you see FAQs?

Answer:

FAQ stands for "Frequently Asked Questions". FAQs are a list of common questions and answers related to a particular topic or service.

I can see FAQs on websites, user manuals, help sections, customer support portals, and other types of resources that provide information about a product, service, or organization. FAQs are often used to save time and effort by addressing common queries without requiring users to contact customer support or search for further information elsewhere.

1. Look at the photo. Then check the meaning of the words in blue in the Football FAQs and read the text. Do you pass or throw the ball when you play football? Do you think it’s a difficult sport? Would you like to do it? Why / Why not?

Football FAQs

What is football?

(1) Football is a ball game which has become very popular in Viet Nam. It involves passing the ball into the opponent's goal with any part of the body except the hands and arms.

How long has it been a sport?

(2) Modern football - one of the most beloved team sports —probably started in England in the early nineteenth century.

Do I need to be in good shape to play football?

(3) It's a great sport for kids who just want to participate in a team sport, but who may not already have a high level of fitness and skills.

What equipment do I need?

(4) A team uniform, long stockings, shin guards, and cleats which are lightweight, low-top shoes so that you can move over the field without slipping.

What are the best places for football?

(5) In parks or playgrounds. When you're learning, it’s best to find a place where there are many youth football clubs to play organised matches.

Answer:

- which: cái gì, cái mà

- who: ai, người mà

- where: ở đâu, ở nơi mà

I pass the ball when I play football. I think it’s a difficult sport. I’d like to try it because football is a sport that helps develop positive social skills and improves my general fitness.

2. Which paragraph in the Football FAQs tells readers ... ?

1. the ideal location to do this sport

2. what they need to practise the sport

3. where the sport began

4. how to play football

5. a team sport for a variety of fitness levels

Answer:

1. paragraph 5

2. paragraph 4

3. paragraph 2

4. paragraph 1

5. paragraph 3

Language point: Relative clauses

3. Match the words in blue in the Football FAQ(s) with the words in the box.

Answer:

an idea – which

an object – which

a person – who

a place – where

4. Complete sentences 1 - 5 with who, which or where.

1. That’s the shop ___ I bought my board.

2. Mike’s the friend ___ lent me his life jacket.

3. Equipment ___ is expensive isn’t always the best.

4. I watched a video ___ showed the best techniques.

5. I don’t know anybody ___ has tried it.

Answer:

1. where

2. who

3. which

4. which

5. who

5. USE IT! Follow the steps in the writing guide.

WRITING GUIDE

A. TASK

Write an FAQ section for a website about sport. Research a sport to find out what it involves. Choose from:

swimming

martial art

badminton

basketball

B. THINK AND PLAN

Think of questions which can give useful information about the sport. Choose from these topics, or think of your own.

- origins

- how to do it

- courses

- equipment

- best places to do it

- clubs and information

C. WRITE

Write at least five questions and answers. Use the model text and the key phrases to help you.

D. CHECK

- question words

- sports verbs

- natural features vocabulary

- relative clauses

Answer:

Basketball FAQs

1. What is the origin of basketball?

Basketball was invented by Dr. James Naismith, a Canadian physical education instructor, in December 1891, at the International YMCA Training School in Massachusetts.

2. How do you dribble a basketball?

Dribbling a basketball involves bouncing the ball repeatedly with one hand while moving around the court. The correct technique involves keeping your eyes up and head high while using your fingertips to control the ball's movement.

3. What equipment do I need to play basketball?

You need a basketball, basketball shoes with good ankle support, comfortable clothing that allows for freedom of movement, and a hoop. In some cases, you may also require protective gear like a mouthguard or knee pads.

4. Where are the best places to play basketball?

Basketball can be played in many different locations, including parks, gyms, and outdoor courts. However, some of the best places to play basketball are at community centers, schools, and sports clubs.

5. Are there any basketball clubs that I can join?

Yes, many basketball clubs exist in most cities and towns, offering players of all ages opportunities to train, socialize, and compete. You can find information on local clubs through online directories or by contacting your local sports authority.

CLIL: Geology: The water cycle

1. Match the words in blue in the fact sheet with definitions 1–7.

1. changes from liquid into gas ……………

2. changes from gas into liquid……………

3. rainfall……………

4. water when it exists in the air……………

5. the part of the land or body of water at the top……………

6. ice is in this state……………

7. water at room temperature is this ……………

Answer:

1. changes from liquid into gas: evaporates

2. changes from gas into liquid: condenses

3. rainfall: precipitation

4. water when it exists in the air: vapour

5. the part of the land or body of water at the top: surface

6. ice is in this state: solid

7. water at room temperature is this: liquid

2. Read the fact sheet. What happens to water when it falls to the Earth?

THE WATER CYCLE

Now here is a challenge for you. Go and get a glass of water and take a look at it. Can you guess how old it is? Well, your water perhaps fell from a cloud just a couple of weeks ago, but it has been around for the same length of time as planet Earth! That means that your glass of water was around when the first creatures swam in the sea and when the dinosaurs roamed the Earth. But how is this possible?

The fact is that the quantity of water on the Earth remains the same over time and it constantly goes through the water cycle. In the cycle, there is continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth. Firstly, the sun heats the water in the rivers, seas and oceans, and it evaporates into the air. Plants and trees lose water, too, and this also goes up into the air. The water vapour then cools and condenses into small drops which form clouds. You can see how condensation happens if you look again at your glass of water on a hot day. After a short time, water from the air condenses onto the cold glass. Back to the sky, though, and the next step is that the clouds gradually get heavier and heavier until they can’t hold the water any more, and it falls to Earth as rain, sleet or snow.

Water can change state from liquid to vapour to solid during the cycle, but any form of water that falls from the clouds is called precipitation. When on Earth, some of the water runs into rivers, lakes and streams and becomes surface water. Some enters the ground and forms underground rivers or lakes before eventually flowing back to the seas and oceans. The cycle is complete.

Answer:

When falling to the Earth, some of the water runs into rivers, lakes and streams and becomes surface water. Some enters the ground and forms underground rivers or lakes.

3. Label the diagram with the words in the box.

Answer:

1. water returns to the sea

2. evaporation

3. condensation

4. precipitation

4. Read and listen to the fact sheet again. Answer the questions.

1. What is true about the amount of water on Earth?

2. Why does water vapour condense?

3. What happens to a glass of water on a hot day?

4. Name two forms of precipitation. Do you know any more?

5. What are the three states that water can be in?

Answer:

1. The amount of water on Earth doesn’t change over time.

2. Water vapour condenses when it cools.

3. After a short time, water from the air condenses onto the cold glass.

4. Name two forms of precipitation: rain, snow. I know some other types of precipitates which are: hail, ice crystal and drizzle.

5. The three states that water can be in are: solid (ice), liquid (water), gas (steam / vapour).

5. USE IT! Work in pairs. Create a poster to show what happens in the water cycle. Include information from this page.

Answer:

Học sinh tự làm