GETTING STARTED

LANGUAGE

PRONUNCIATION

1. a. Listen and repeat, paying attention to the underlined words.

1. The sky today is clear and blue.

2. The speaker talked a lot about honesty.

3. The store on that corner sells local specialities.

Answer:

1. The sky today is clear and blue.

2. The speaker talked a lot about honesty.

3. The store on that corner sells local specialities.

b. Choose A, B, C, or D to show the word in each group with a different stress pattern.

1. A. humorous

B. tremendous

C. numerous

D. generous

2. A. national

B. animal

C. arrival

D. typical

3. A. festival

B. cultural

C. poisonous

D. Ambitious

Answer:

1. B

A. humorous /ˈhjuː.mə.rəs/

B. tremendous /trɪˈmen.dəs/

C. numerous /ˈnjuː.mə.rəs/

D. generous /ˈdʒen.ər.əs/

Trọng âm của đáp án D rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai, trọng âm của các đáp án còn lại rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất.

2. C

A. humorous /ˈhjuː.mə.rəs/

B. animal /ˈæn.ɪ.məl/

C. arrival /əˈraɪ.vəl/

D. typical /ˈtɪp.ɪ.kəl/

Trọng âm của đáp án C rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai, trọng âm của các đáp án còn lại rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất.

3. D

A. festival /ˈfes.tɪ.vəl/

B. cultural /ˈkʌl.tʃər.əl/

C. poisonous /ˈpɔɪ.zən.əs/

D. ambitious /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/

Trọng âm của đáp án D rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai, trọng âm của các đáp án còn lại rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất.

VOCABULARY

2. Complete the sentences with the words and phrase from the box.

1. We should recycle various ____________ products instead of throwing them away.

2. Shopping centres attract a lot of ____________ during the sales season.

3. Population growth is causing destruction of wildlife ____________ throughout the world.

4. Luckily, my home town rarely suffers from ___________, such as floods or storms.

5. Generally, you can’t ____________ over prices of goods in supermarkets.

Answer:

1. single - use - We should recycle various single-use products instead of throwing them away.

2. customers - Shopping centres attract a lot of customers during the sales season.

3. habitats - Population growth is causing destruction of wildlife habitats throughout the world.

4. natural disasters - Luckily, my hometown rarely suffers from natural disasters, such as floods or storms.

5. bargain - Generally, you can’t bargain over prices of goods in supermarkets.

3. Use the correct forms of the words in brackets to complete the sentences.

1. The tsunami in Tonga was very (destroy) ___________; hundreds of houses were swept away.

2. One (advantage) ___________ of shopping online is that you do not know exactly what you will get.

3. Endangered species are animals in the wild that face a high risk of (extinct) _____________.

4. (Addict) ____________ shopping is a form of behaviour that makes shoppers buy many items they don’t need.

5. When a natural disaster happens, we must listen to (instruct) _________ from local authorities.

Answer:

1. destructive - The tsunami in Tonga was very destructive; hundreds of houses were swept away.

2. disadvantage - One disadvantage of shopping online is that you do not know exactly what you will get.

3. extinction - Endangered species are animals in the wild that face a high risk of extinction.

4. Addictive - Addicted to shopping is a form of behaviour that makes shoppers buy many items they don’t need.

5. instructions - When a natural disaster happens, we must listen to instructions from local authorities.

GRAMMAR

4. Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets to complete the sentences.

1. While I (clean) __________ out my cupboards, I found these photos.

2. Sam is studying hard. He (have) ____________ his exam this Friday.

3. This brochure says that the big sale (start) ___________ next Friday.

4. ________ the flood victims still (wait) _________ when the rescuers came?

5. I just (fall) _________ asleep last night when I (hear) ___________ a knock at the door.

Answer:

5. Complete the sentences, so that they are true for you.

1. When I finished my lessons yesterday, __________.

2. Before I go to bed at night, __________.

3. I will wait until the teacher __________.

4. As soon as we have our summer holiday, __________.

5. I usually listen to music while __________.

Answer:

1. When I finished my lessons yesterday, I went to bed early.

2. Before I go to bed at night, I will brush my teeth.

3. I will wait until the teacher shows up to the class.

4. As soon as we have our summer holiday, we will go to the beach.

5. I usually listen to music while I study.

SKILLS

READING

1. Read the passage and tick (v) T (True) or F (False) for each sentence.

Landslides are the mass movement of rocks or earth down a slope. Landslides occur more frequently in some mountainous areas. They may come suddenly after a storm or heavy rain. When you hear a warning about a landslide in your area, you should do the following:

- Follow the instructions about emergency information given by authorities.

- Go to a public shelter if you feel it is unsafe to remain in your home.

- Listen to unusual sounds, such as trees cracking, or rocks knocking together.

- Stay away from the slide area. There may be a danger of additional slides.

- Watch for flooding, which may occur after a landslide.

- Stay cautious after the storm. Don’t do the clean-up until the storm is over.

Answer:

1. F - Explain: Landslides occur more frequently in some mountainous areas.

2.T - Explain: Follow the instructions about emergency information given by authorities.

3. F - Explain: Go to a public shelter if you feel it is unsafe to remain in your home.

4. T - Explain: Stay away from the slide area. There may be a danger of additional slides.

5. T - Explain: Stay cautious after the storm. Don’t do the clean-up until the storm is over.

SPEAKING

2. Work in pairs. Take turns to ask your classmate the following question.

Do you face any of the following disasters where you live?

- volcanic eruptions - earthquakes

- droughts - floods

- storms - landslides

Answer:

1. The damage that FLOODS may cause:

- Floods wreaked havoc on infrastructure, including highways, schools, health institutions, and community centres.

- Over 360 schools were flooded or destroyed, over two million cattle lives were lost, and 30,000 hectares of agricultural productivity were devastated, according to reports.

- The distribution of aid in the aftermath of the floods was hampered by substantial damage to public transit systems.

2.

In our hometown, we had suffered a lot of earthquakes as we lived in an area that earthquakes frequently occur. Ground shaking from earthquakes can cause buildings and bridges to collapse; disrupt gas, electricity, and telephone services; and sometimes trigger landslides, avalanches, flash floods, fires, and tsunami. Human may be injured or died from collapsing building. Earthquakes can also affect humans mentally or psychologically.

LISTENING

3. Listen to the passage and fill in each blank with no more than TWO words.

1. The exhaust fumes from vehicles are the main cause of __________ in our cities.

2. Bad gases can be very __________ for children.

3. Transport is not the only reason why we have __________.

4. Less pollution today comes from __________ than in the past.

5. Bad gases are being released into the air from ______________.

Answer:

Transcript:

Air pollution in big cities comes from several sources. The fuels from vehicles are the main cause of pollution in our cities. The problem starts when vehicles give out bad gases, which create air pollution. These gases can be very dangerous for children. Although the fuels are becoming cleaner, air quality is still affected as there are more and more cars and motorbikes on the road.

Transport is not the only reason why we have air pollution. Factories also release bad gases into the air, and it causes a lot of air pollution. Less pollution today comes from coal than in the past. However, air pollution remains a serious problem around the world, because bad gases are being released into the air from other sources, such as cooking, household wastes, and fires.

WRITING

4. Write a paragraph (80 - 100 words) about where your family shops and give reasons for your choice. You can refer to its convenience, prices, freshness of food, etc. You may begin with

Answer:

1. My family usually shops at the supermarket near our house. It is very convenient because we can go there quickly and find everything we need in one place. The supermarket is clean and organized, which makes shopping easy and comfortable. The prices are reasonable, and there are often discounts on food and household items. We also trust the quality of the food, especially the fresh fruits, vegetables, and meat. My parents like shopping there because it saves time and helps them buy good products for the whole family.

2. My family usually shops at supermarket. The first and most obvious benefit of a supermarket is that customers can get all of their goods under one roof, which saves a lot of time. In the absence of supermarkets, customers would have to go to multiple locations to buy vegetables, groceries, and other daily necessities, and we all know that commuting from one location to another, especially in metros, can be time-consuming and frustrating.Another advantage is that a consumer has more options for the same product. For example, if you want to buy soap, a shopkeeper in a retail store will give you 1 or 2 options, whereas, in a supermarket, you will have 8 to 10 options of different brands of soap, allowing you to choose the best product for your convenience and wishes. In simple words, just as a full buffet of food allows you to sample a wide range of foods, supermarkets allow you to shop for a wide range of products all under one roof.