UNIT 6: WHAT WILL EARTH BE LIKE IN THE FUTURE?

PREVIEW

A. Use a dictionary. Circle the words in the box that mean "become larger." Underline the words that mean “become smaller.”

Answer:

• "become larger": rise; expand; increase
• "become smaller": fall; shrink; decrease

B. Guess. How do you think global warming will affect Earth? Circle to complete the sentences below. Then listen and check your answers.

1. Temperatures will (fall / rise).

2. The number of wildfires will (increase / decrease).

3. Deserts will (shrink / expand).

4. Farmland will (shrink / expand).

5. Food supplies will (increase / decrease).

Answer:

…………………………………………………………………………………..

C. Talk with a partner. What do you think some other effects of global warming will be?

Answer:

Some significant effects include:

• More extreme weather (stronger hurricanes, longer droughts,etc.)
• Rising sea levels
• Loss of biodiversity
• Spread of diseases
• Shortage of food and freshwater

LANGUAGE FOCUS

A. Listen and read. Then repeat the conversation and replace the words in blue.

Answer:

…………………………………………………………………………………..

B. Practice with a partner. Replace any words to make your own conversation.

Answer:

1. Do you think temperatures will “go up” a lot in the future?

Probably. Global warming is a serious problem.

2. How will it affect us?

Well, when it gets hotter, “freshwater levels will fall”.

3. And what will happen when “freshwater levels fall”?

Do you really want to know?

4. There will be less food!

What? “Are you joking?” We should do something to stop global warming.

C. Complete the information. Use will and a word from the box. Listen and check.

Global warming is very real to the people of the Maldives. Scientists think it's likely that-sometime this century--the island nation (1) ___ because of global warming. When ice melts, ocean levels (2) ___. This (3) ____ a huge problem for the country. On average, the islands are only 1.3 meters above sea level. Because ocean levels rise about 9 millimeters per year, experts predict that many people (4) ____ able to stay in their homes. No one knows exactly where they (5) ____, but they (6) ____ to find a new place to live. To attract attention to their problem, the government recently held a meeting underwater. The president joked that it's where they (7) ____ their meetings in the future.

Answer:

1. will disappear   

2. will rise   

3. will be   

4. won’t be

5. will need     

6. will go     

7. will hold

D. Circle the correct words.

1. There will be (less / a) drinking water in the future.

2. There will be (less / more) electric car users than there is now.

3. I think there will be (fewer / less) trees in our forests.

4. Soon, (more / a) people will travel to space.

5. There will be (the / a) rise in (the / a) sea level here.

6. (The / A) government will give (the / an) order to stop electrofishing next month.

Answer:

1. less

2. more

3. fewer

4. more

5. a

6. The/an

E. Turn to page 133. You are going to take a survey to see if you are an optimist or a pessimist.

Answer:

(Học sinh tự thực hành)

THE REAL WORLD

A. Predict. What do you think will happen when Earth's temperature increases by 1°C, 2°C, or 3°C? Discuss with a partner. Then listen to the interview and check your guesses.

1°C

2°C

3°C

a. The Amazon rainforest might burn down.

b. Freshwater supplies will decrease.

c. Most coral reefs will disappear.

Answer:

…………………………………………………………………………………..

B. Listen to the rest of the interview. Check (V) the things Lynas says we can do to reduce or adapt to global warming.

Answer:

…………………………………………………………………………………..

PRONUNCIATION

DO YOU KNOW?

Where are temperatures rising the most?

a. the Arctic

b. the Sahara

c. the Pacific Ocean

Answer:

a. the Arctic

A. Listen and repeat.

a. type    b. buy    c. idea    d. rise    e. blind

Answer:

…………………………………………………………………………………..

B. Circle the words with the sound /ai/. Then listen an check your answers.

kind fire    piano    dry    study

music    child    police    realize    academy

Answer:

…………………………………………………………………………………..

C. Work with a partner. Take turns to make sentences using the answers from B.

Answer:

1. She is warmhearted and kind to everyone and everything.

2. They gathered around a warm fire.

3. The piano was his instrument of choice.

4. The paint should be dry in a few hours.

5. She advised him to study harder.

6. I like listening to rock music.

7. She bought a toy for her child.

8. The police are investigating a murder.

9. She slowly realized what he was trying to say.

10. This is an academy of music.

COMMUNICATION

Make predictions. Work in a group. Choose a topic and a time. Predict what will happen in the future. Then see if your group members agree or disagree.

Ex: In five years, I think people will fly to work.

I don’t think that will happen in five years. But it’ll probably happen in my lifeline.

Answer:

1. In five years, I think people will fly to work.

I don’t think that will happen in five years. But it’ll probably happen in my lifetime.

2. In the next year or two, I think technology will improve human life.

I don’t think that will happen in the next year or two. But it’ll probably happen in the next 10 to 20 years.

3. In the next 10 to 20 years, I think education will more easier.

I also think that will happen in the next 10 to 20 years.

4. By 2040, I think scientists will create new energy for people.

I don't think that will happen in 2040. But it'll probably happen sometime in the future.

READING

A. Look at the title and photo. What do you think "on thin ice" means?

a. strong and powerful    b. in a bad situation    c. changing

Answer:

b

B. Find these words and phrases in the article. Then circle words in the text that tell you their meaning.

Answer:

1. Unfortunately, the ice cracked or broke.

2. Polar bears need to stand on the ice floes or large pieces of floating ice ...

3. Nicklen was sad to see three polar bear carcasses.

4. This means polar bears are in danger of becoming extinct.

C. Read the text. Underline the predictions.

Paul Nicklen waited patiently on a sheet of ice in the Arctic to take pictures for National Geographic. Finally, he saw a polar bear. The swimming bear jumped out of the icy water to catch its food. Unfortunately, the ice cracked or broke. The bear fell back into the water and swam farther away for food.

Sea ice is the key to hunting seals. Polar bears need to stand on the ice floes, or large pieces of floating ice, and wait for the seals to come up for air. Because of global warming, Arctic temperatures are rising, polar ice is melting, and polar bears have to swim farther to find ice floes. Sometimes, bears have to swim more than 200 kilometers. Some bears cannot swim that far and, sadly, they drown.

On his last trip, Nicklen was sad to see three polar bear carcasses. Before global warming, dead bodies like those were a rare sight. Wildlife experts think that global warming will have a terrible effect. Some scientists believe that 65 percent of the world's polar bears will disappear by 2050. This means polar bears are in danger of becoming extinct.

Answer:

1. Wildlife experts think that global warming will have a terrible effect.

2. Some scientists believe that 65 percent of the world's polar bears will disappear by 2050.

3. This means polar bears are in danger of becoming extinct.

COMPREHENSION

IDIOM

An activity that helps strangers feel relaxed together is ____.

a. a snow melter

b. a frost cracker

c. an ice breaker

Answer:

c. an ice breaker

A. Answer the questions about On Thin Ice.

1. What is the main idea of the article?

a. Polar bears are amazing swimmers.

b. Arctic temperatures are rising.

c. Global warming is endangering polar bears.

2. Why was the polar bear that Nicklen saw swimming unlucky?

a. It fell in the water.   b. It was on an ice floe.   c. It had to swim farther.

3. How do polar bears hunt seals?

a. They wait on ice floes.  b. They wait in the water.  c. They drown the seals.

4. In line 13, "a rare sight" means something that ____.

a. is horrible to look at    b. you don't see often    c. is blind

5. Polar bears ___.

a. won't have any food in 2050

b. will all die before 2050

c. are struggling to find food

Answer:

1. c     2. c     3. a     4. b     5. b

B. Complete the flow chart. Write the effects of global warming in the correct places.

a. Some polar bears drown.

b. Polar ice melts.

c. Temperatures rise.

d. Polar bears are in danger of becoming extinct.

e. Polar bears have to swim farther between ice floes.

1. ______ → 2. . ______ 3. ______ → 4. ______ → 5. ______

Answer:

1. c

2. b

3. e

4. a

5. d

C. CRITICAL THINKING. Talk with a partner. What other animals are being affected by global warming? Can you think of any ways to help?

Answer:

A: I know that polar bears are really affected by global warming because the ice in the Arctic is melting. They need the ice to hunt seals.

B: Yes, and I read that coral reefs are also dying because the ocean is getting warmer. That affects fish and other sea life that live there.

A: True. Also, some birds are changing their migration patterns, and that can cause problems for their survival.

B: To help, we could reduce our carbon footprint—like using public transport or planting more trees.

A: And we can support organizations that protect endangered animals and their habitats.

PROJECT

Work with a group. Make a poster about an animal that is in danger of becoming extinct.

Instructions:

• You should work with at least two other classmates on this project.
• Choose an animal and research it. (Where does it live? What is its lifestyle? What is causing the animals to disappear?)
• Find a photo of the animal.
• Make a poster about the animal. There should be at least 10 lines of information in the poster.
• In the next class, present your poster to the class.

Answer:

(Học sinh tự thực hành)

WRITING

1. Unscramble the words to make predictions about the future.

a. popular / energy / green / future, / be / in / more / will / the

b. travel / electric / car / people / more / will / by

c. will / next / rain / month / there / more / be

d. in / people / will / live / big / cities / to / choose / more

e. forests / will / trees / our / fewer / there / in / be

Answer:

a. In the future, the green energy will be more popular.

b. People will more travel by electric car.

c. There will be more rain next month.

d. People will more choose to live in big cities.

e. There will be fewer trees in our forests.

2. Complete the information. Use will and a word from the box.

My city (1) ___ very different in the future. It's a popular place to live now, and I

think more and more people (2) ____ into the city. This (3) ___ apartments and houses more expensive. Currently, the city is building a metro. In the future, many people (4) ____ the metro to travel around the city. It (5) ____faster and cheaper than private vehicles. Also, I think the government (6) ____ more parks so that everyone can enjoy fresh air and do exercise.

Answer:

1. will be   2. will move   3. will make

4. will use   5. will be   6. will build

3. Write a short paragraph on a separate sheet of paper. Predict what your town, city, or country will be like in the future. Write 80-100 words. Use the sample in 2 to help you.

Answer:

My town will be very modern in the future. I think more people will move here because of better job opportunities. New buildings, shopping centers, and schools will make the town more convenient. There will be more public transport like electric buses and a metro system, so fewer people will need cars. This will help reduce air pollution. I also believe the government will plant more trees and create more green spaces, making the town cleaner, healthier, and more beautiful for everyone.