Review 2

LANGUAGE

PRONUNCIATION

1. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation.

1.

A. afford

B. urban

C. area

D. expand

2.

A. bonus

B. employ

C. overtime

D. local

Answer:

1. D

A. afford /əˈfɔːd/

B. urban /ˈɜːbən/

C. area /ˈeəriə/

D. expand /ɪkˈspænd/

Phần được gạch chân ở phương án D được phát âm /æ/, các phương án còn lại phát âm /ə/.

2. B

A. bonus /ˈbəʊnəs/

B. employ /ɪmˈplɔɪ/

C. overtime /ˈəʊvətaɪm/

D. local /ˈləʊkl/

Phần được gạch chân ở phương án B được phát âm /ɔ/, các phương án còn lại phát âm /əʊ/.

2. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word which differs from the other three in the position of the main stress.

1.

A. concern

B. bonus

C. housing

D. leisure

2.

A. flexible

B. glamorous

C. rewarding

D. challenging

Answer:

1. A

A. concern /kənˈsɜːn/

B. bonus /ˈbəʊnəs/

C. housing /ˈhaʊzɪŋ/

D. leisure /ˈleʒə(r)/

Phương án A có trọng âm 2, các phương án còn lại có trọng âm 1.

2. C

A. flexible /ˈfleksəbl/

B. glamorous /ˈɡlæmərəs/

C. rewarding /rɪˈwɔːdɪŋ/

D. challenging /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪŋ/

Phương án C có trọng âm 2, các phương án còn lại có trọng âm 1.

3. Mark the letter A or B to indicate the stressed auxiliary or modal verb. Listen and check. Then practice saying the sentences in pairs.

1. Peter (A) will attend the job fair next week if he (B) can.

2.

A: (A) Does your grandmother enjoy living in the city?

B: Yes, she (B) does.

Answer:

1. Peter (A) will attend the job fair next week if he (B) can.

2.

A: (A) Does your grandmother enjoy living in the city?

B: Yes, she (B) does.

4. Read the following sentences. Underline the unstressed words in each one. Listen and check. Then practise saying the sentences in pairs.

1. Life in the city is very convenient and comfortable, but also expensive.

2. It usually takes thirty to eighty job applications to get a job offer.

Answer:

1. Life in the city is very convenient and comfortable, but also expensive.

(Cuộc sống ở thành phố rất tiện lợi và thoải mái nhưng cũng đắt đỏ.)

2. It usually takes thirty to eighty job applications to get a job offer.

(Thông thường phải mất từ 30 đến 80 đơn ứng tuyển mới nhận được lời mời làm việc)

VOCABULARY

1. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word or phrase CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word.

1. Today, young people from rural areas often move to big cities to seek better job opportunities.

A. look for

B. look at

C. carry out

D. look after

2. Many employers find it difficult to recruit workers for night shifts.

A. working conditions

B. performances

C. working hours

D. lifestyles

3. A lot of companies provide their employees with affordable housing.

A. places

B. warehouses

C. containers

D. homes

4. The company has employed more people to work on the new project this year.

A. hired

B. supported

C. stopped

D. used

Answer:

1. A

Today, young people from rural areas often move to big cities to seek better job opportunities.

A. look for: tìm kiếm

B. look at: nhìn vào

C. carry out: thực hiện

D. look after: chăm sóc

=> seek (v) = look for (phr.v): tìm kiếm

2. C

Many employers find it difficult to recruit workers for night shifts.

A. working conditions: điều kiện làm việc

B. performances: biểu diễn

C. working hours: giờ làm việc

D. lifestyles: lối sống

=> shilfts (n) = working hours (np): ca làm việc

3. D

A lot of companies provide their employees with affordable housing.

A. places: địa điểm

B. warehouses: kho

C. containers: thùng chứa

D. homes: nhà

=> housing (n) = homes (n): nhà ở

4. A

The company has employed more people to work on the new project this year.

A. hired: thuê

B. supported: hỗ trợ

C. stopped: dừng lại

D. used: sử dụng

=> employed (Ved): tuyển dụng = hired (Ved): thuê

2. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word or phrase OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word.

1. The authorities are planning to expand the local airport and make it more modern.

A. widen

B. reduce

C. build up

D. shorten

2. Very few people can afford a home in city centres nowadays.

A. have enough money to buy

B. be able to buy

C. don't have enough money to buy

D. don't have any money to buy

3. Working as a researcher can be mentally challenging, but it is very interesting.

A. boring

B. simple

C. reliable

D. difficult

4. A lot of companies have cut down on staff, so the number of jobless people is getting higher and higher.

A. employed

B. unemployed

C. recruited

D. trained

Answer:

1. B

The authorities are planning to expand the local airport and make it more modern.

A. widen: mở rộng

B. reduce: giảm

C. build up: xây dựng

D. shorten: rút ngắn

=> expand (v): mở rộng >< reduce (v): cắt giảm

2. C

Very few people can afford a home in city centres nowadays.

A. have enough money to buy: có đủ tiền để mua

B. be able to buy: có thể mua được

C. don't have enough money to buy: không có đủ tiền để mua

D. don't have any money to buy: không có tiền để mua

=> afford (v): có khả năng chi trả >< don't have enough money to buy: không có đủ tiền để mua

3. B

Working as a researcher can be mentally challenging, but it is very interesting.

A. boring: nhàm chán

B. simple: đơn giản

C. reliable: đáng tin cậy

D. difficult: khó khăn

=> challenging (adj): đầy thử thách >< simple (adj): đơn giản

4. A

A lot of companies have cut down on staff, so the number of jobless people is getting higher and higher.

A. employed: có việc làm

B. unemployed: thất nghiệp

C. recruited: được tuyển dụng

D. trained: được đào tạo

=> jobless (adj): thất nghiệp >< employed (adj): có việc làm

3. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 1 to 8.

Ms Huong worked as a shop assistant in Essence, a clothing shop in Ha Noi. Her job involved greeting customers and helping them choose the best clothes for their needs. She often worked afternoon or evening (1) _______ when the shop was very busy. Ms Huong lived in a small flat in a (2) _______ nearby, and often walked home from work. It was very convenient as she never got stuck in (3) _______.

On public holidays she often had to work (4) _______ until late at night. The manager was happy with her performance, so she regularly got an annual (5) _______. However, she decided to find a(n) (6) _______ job in an office. Her new job was (7) _______, but after six months, she got bored. She is now looking for a job with _______ (8) working hours.

1.

A. shifts

B. turns

C. times

D. periods

2.

A. housing

B. high-rise building

C. convenience store

D. shopping centre

3.

A. public transport

B. demanding jobs

C. workload

D. traffic jams

4.

A. flexible

B. part-time

C. overtime

D. full-time

5.

A. bonus

B. wage

C. on-the-job training

D. competition

6.

A. vacancy

B. overtime

C. nine-to-five

D. shift

7.

A. well-paid

B. reliable

C. casual

D. local

8.

A. long

B. flexible

C. overtime

D. relevant

Answer:

1. A - She often worked afternoon or evening (1) shifts when the shop was very busy.

A. shifts: ca làm

B. turns: lượt

C. times: lần

D. periods: giai đoạn

2. B - Ms Huong lived in a small flat in a (2) high-rise building nearby, and often walked home from work.

A. housing: nhà ở

B. high-rise building: tòa nhà cao tầng

C. convenience store: cửa hàng tiện lợi

D. shopping centre: trung tâm thương mại

3. D - It was very convenient as she never got stuck in (3) traffic jams.

A. public transport: phương tiện công cộng

B. demanding jobs: công việc đòi hỏi khắt khe

C. workload: khối lượng công việc

D. traffic jams: kẹt xe

4. C - On public holidays she often had to work (4) overtime until late at night.

A. flexible: linh hoạt

B. part-time: bán thời gian

C. overtime: tăng ca

D. full-time: toàn thời gian

5. A - The manager was happy with her performance, so she regularly got an annual (5) bonus.

A. bonus: tiền thưởng

B. wage: tiền công

C. on-the-job training: đào tạo tại chỗ

D. competition: cuộc thi

6. C - However, she decided to find a(n) (6) nine-to-five job in an office.

A. vacancy: chỗ trống

B. overtime: tăng ca

C. nine-to-five: công việc hàng chính

D. shift: ca

7. A - Her new job was (7) well-paid, but after six months, she got bored.

A. well-paid: lương cao

B. reliable: đáng tin cậy

C. casual: bình thường

D. local: địa phương

8. B - She is now looking for a job with (8) flexible working hours.

A. long: dài

B. flexible: linh hoạt

C. overtime: tăng ca

D. relevant: liên quan

GRAMMAR

1. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer.

1. This is the first time I ________ on the Ha Noi Metro.

A. have travelled

B. will travel

C. travel

D. travelled

2. The ________ serious the air pollution in the city is becoming, the ________ its negative impact is on people's life there.

A. less … more

B. more … bigger

C. fewer ... fewer

D. more … less

3. ________ people now tend to move to big cities to look for better job opportunities.

A. More and less

B. Less and less

C. More and more

D. Fewer and fewer

4. My grandparents don't want to live in the city ________ they don't like the crowded streets and the traffic jams.

A. although

B. because

C. moreover

D. if

5. The increasing number of private cars causes traffic jams; ________, it is also the main reason for air pollution in big cities.

A. as a result

B. on the other hand

C. so that

D. moreover

6. Local authorities have improved the frequency of public transport ________ more people will find it convenient to use.

A. so that

B. not only

C. such that

D. neither

Answer:

1. A - This is the first time I have travelled on the Ha Noi Metro.

Structure: This is the first time + S + has/have + V3/ed.

2. B - The more serious the air pollution in the city is becoming, the bigger its negative impact is on people's life there.

Structure: The + so sánh hơn + S1 + V1, the + so sánh hơn + S2 + V2.

3. C - More and more people now tend to move to big cities to look for better job opportunities.

Strucutre: So sánh hơn + and + so sánh hơn + S + V.

4. B - My grandparents don't want to live in the city because they don't like the crowded streets and the traffic jams.

A. although: mặc dù

B. because: bởi vì

C. moreover: hơn nữa

D. if: nếu

5. D - The increasing number of private cars causes traffic jams; moreover, it is also the main reason for air pollution in big cities.

A. as a result: vì vậy

B. on the other hand: mặt khác

C. so that: để mà

D. moreover: hơn nữa

6. A - Local authorities have improved the frequency of public transport so that more people will find it convenient to use.

A. so that: để màB. not only… but also…: không những … mà còn…

C. such that => không tồn tại cấu trúc này. Cấu trúc đúng: S + V + such + danh từ/ cụm danh từ + that + S + V1.

D. neither…nor…: không… cũng không...

2. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the given sentences.

1. Shopping centres are places where people go shopping as well as places where friends and family go to meet, eat, and be entertained.

A. Shopping centres are neither places where people go shopping nor places where friends and family go to meet, eat, and be entertained.

B. Although shopping centres are places where people go shopping, they are not places where friends and family go to meet, eat, and be entertained.

C. Shopping centres are places where people go shopping because these are places where friends and family go to meet, eat, and be entertained.

D. Shopping centres are not only places where people go shopping, but also places where friends and family go to meet, eat, and be entertained.

2. I have been to a job fair once before.

A. This is the first time I have been to a job fair.

B. This is the second time I have been to a job fair.

C. This is the last time I have been to a job fair.

D. I have been to a job fair three times this year.

3. My friend performed his duties at work very efficiently. He was promoted after only one month.

A. Although my friend performed his duties at work very efficiently, he was promoted after only one month.

B. My friend performed his duties at work very efficiently because he was promoted after only one month.

C. My friend performed his duties at work very efficiently; as a result, he was promoted after only one month.

D. My friend didn't perform his duties at work so efficiently that he was promoted after only one month.

4. The air in big cities was polluted, and now it is even more polluted.

A. The air in bigger and bigger cities was polluted.

B. The air in big cities is becoming more and more polluted.

C. The air in big cities used to be polluted, but now it is cleaner.

D. The more polluted the air was, the less polluted big cities were.

5. If you get more work experience, you will have a greater chance of employment.

A. The more work experience you get, the greater chance of employment you will have.

B. The more work experience you get, the less chance of employment you will have.

C. Although you get more work experience, you will have greater chance of employment.

D. The less work experience you get, the greater chance of employment you will have

6. She has a well-paid job, but she always works overtime to earn more money.

A. If she has a well-paid job, she always works overtime to earn more money.

B. She has a well-paid job; moreover, she always works overtime to earn more money.

C. When she has a well-paid job, she always works overtime to earn more money.

D. Although she has a well-paid job, she always works overtime to earn more money.

Answer:

1. D - Shopping centres are not only places where people go shopping, but also places where friends and family go to meet, eat, and be entertained.

Structure: as well as = not only…. but also

2. B

I have been to a job fair once before. - (Tôi đã từng đến hội chợ việc làm một lần.) = This is the second time I have been to a job fair. - (Đây là lần thứ hai tôi đến hội chợ việc làm.)

3. C

C. My friend performed his duties at work very efficiently; as a result, he was promoted after only one month.

Mệnh đề thứ 1 chỉ nguyên nhân “My friend performed his duties at work very efficiently” (Bạn tôi thực hiện nhiệm vụ tại nơi làm việc rất hiệu quả) => Mệnh đề 2 là kết quả cho mệnh để 1 “he was promoted after only one month.” (anh ta được thăng chức chỉ sau 1 tháng làm việc)

4. B

The air in big cities was polluted, and now it is even more polluted. - (Không khí ở các thành phố lớn đã bị ô nhiễm, giờ đây còn ô nhiễm hơn.)

= B. The air in big cities is becoming more and more polluted. - (Không khí ở các thành phố lớn ngày càng ô nhiễm.)

5. A

If you get more work experience, you will have a greater chance of employment.- (Nếu bạn có thêm kinh nghiệm làm việc, bạn sẽ có cơ hội việc làm cao hơn.)

= A. The more work experience you get, the greater chance of employment you will have. (Bạn càng có nhiều kinh nghiệm làm việc thì cơ hội việc làm càng cao.)

6. D

She has a well-paid job, but she always works overtime to earn more money. - (Cô ấy có một công việc được trả lương cao nhưng cô ấy luôn làm việc ngoài giờ để kiếm thêm tiền.)

= D. Although she has a well-paid job, she always works overtime to earn more money. (Mặc dù cô ấy có một công việc được trả lương cao nhưng cô ấy luôn làm việc ngoài giờ để kiếm thêm tiền)

SKILLS

LISTENING

1. Listen to a talk about a city. What is it about?

A. How Dream City has changed.

B. The modern facilities in Dream City.

C. Why people want to live in Dream City.

Answer:

……………………………………………………………………………………

2. Listen again and complete the note with no more than TWO words for each answer.

• Housing:

- pulling down (1) _______

- building new (2) _______ and blocks of flats

- getting higher rents and home prices

• Facilities:

- better schools and universities with more education opportunities

- more supermarkets, shopping centres and convenience stores

- (3) _______ struggling to survive

• Transport:

- more (4) _______ and comfortable bus and train services

- busy roads with (5) _______ during rush hour

Answer:

……………………………………………………………………………………

SPEAKING

1. Work in pairs. Discuss the impact of urban development on people's life and complete the following table.

Answer:

2. Discuss in groups. Which change in 1 do you think has the most positive impact, and which one has the most negative impact on urban life? Then report the group's answers to the class.

Answer:

- I think the change “more schools and universities” has the most positive impact on urban life because it directly contributes to a more skilled and knowledgeable population. A better-educated workforce can attract higher-paying jobs, improve overall economic productivity, and foster innovation and entrepreneurship within the urban community.

- In my opinion, the growing population has the most significant negative impacts on urban life. Because it directly affects residents' quality of life and affordability. As urban areas grow and populations increase, the demand for housing typically outpaces supply, leading to increased rents and home prices. This can result in displacement of lower-income residents, homelessness, and overall socioeconomic inequality within the urban environment.

READING

1. Read the text. Match each section (A-C) with a heading (1-5). There are TWO extra headings.

1. Boosting students' confidence

2. Building their professional network for future careers

3. Improving their study results in class

4. Developing students' skills for future jobs

5. Helping students to enjoy the work environment

Today, more and more students are doing part-time jobs while they are still studying at secondary school. Having a job while at school can benefit secondary school students in several ways.

A. ___________

To begin with, students can gain and develop important skills that may be useful in their future careers. The real work environment can help students learn more new skills as well as improve existing ones such as communication, teamwork, or problem-solving skills. For example, if a student works as a waiter or waitress, he or she can learn how to greet and communicate with customers. Those who are equipped with various life skills can perform better in their future jobs.

B. ___________

In addition, having a part-time job can provide students with more experience and then boost their confidence. Students will become more confident if they have opportunities to work together with different groups of people. As we may know, a teaching assistant will help the teacher prepare and present the lesson or mark students' assignments. Students who apply for the post of a teaching assistant are required to meet and interact with the teachers, young pupils, or even parents at various age levels. This can develop their classroom experience as well as confidence.

C. ___________

Finally, those who have a part-time job can build more relationships for their careers in the future. The opportunities to meet in-person and talk to other people in society will help students create a strong connection with people who may be their employers, colleagues, or customers later in their life.

Answer:

A - 4. Developing students' skills for future jobs (Because the text mentions “students can gain and develop important skills that may be useful in their future careers”)

B - 1. Boosting students' confidence (Because the text mentions “In addition, having a part-time job can provide students with more experience and then boost their confidence.”)

C - 2. Building their professional network for future careers (Because the text mentions“Finally, those who have a part-time job can build more relationships for their careers in the future”)

2. Read the text again. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer.

1. Which of the following skills is not mentioned?

A. Communication skills.

B. Marketing skills.

C. Teamwork skills.

D. Problem-solving skills.

2. The word 'equipped' in Section A is closest in meaning to ______.

A. supported

B. improved

C. provided

D. produced

3. The word 'they' in Section B refers to ______.

A. parents

B. groups of people

C. teachers

D. student

4. Why does the writer mention 'a teaching assistant' in Section B?

A. To introduce a new job for students who want to work.

B. To give an example of developing confidence for working students.

C. To explain why students want to work as teaching assistants.

D. To show the challenges of becoming a teaching assistant.

5. Which of the following is true about the text?

A. Having a part-time job may develop students' relationships.

B. Students should not work while they are at school.

C. If students start working part-time, they may be punished.

D. It's difficult for working students to talk to someone because they are so busy.

Answer:

1. B - Marketing skills. (Kỹ năng tiếp thị.)

The text mentions “The real work environment can help students learn more new skills as well as improve existing ones such as communication, teamwork, or problem-solving skills.”

2. C- provided (được cung cấp)

The text mentions “Those who are equipped with various life skills can perform better in their future jobs.”

3. D - students (học sinh)

The text mentions “Students will become more confident if they have opportunities to work together with different groups of people.”

4. B - To give an example of developing confidence for working students.

The text mentions “Students who apply for the post of a teaching assistant are required to meet and interact with the teachers, young pupils, or even parents at various age levels. This can develop their classroom experience as well as confidence.”

5. A - Having a part-time job may develop students' relationships.

The text mentions “Finally, those who have a part-time job can build more relationships for their careers in the future.”

WRITING

Work in pairs. Read the advert below and write a letter of application (150-180 words) to the Human Resource Department.

NOW RECRUITING: AN ENGLISH TUTOR

Are you looking for a job that impacts the life of children? Are you enthusiastic about teaching English? Join us as an English tutor to make a difference in children's education.

We offer flexible working hours and you can choose to teach morning, afternoon or evening classes. You will be responsible for planning and presenting your lessons, and marking students' assignments. If you want to be considered for this position, please contact:

The Human Resource Department, Language School

1150 Hang Dau Str., Ha Noi

Answer:

514 Nguyen Trai Road, Thanh Xuan District, Ha Noi

The Human Resource Department, Language School

1150 Hang Dau Str., Ha Noi

16 July, 2023

Dear Sir or Madam,

I am writing to apply for a part-time English tutor, which you advertised on your website on 10 July. I believe having a part-time job is a great opportunity to learn valuable skills.

I am in my final year of high school. I have some experience in the job of “teaching assistant”. Last summer, I worked at a language center in my neighborhood for about 3 months. My duties included checking attendance, marking students’ assignments and helping teachers prepare lessons. I also plan interactive lessons to attract students.

I am friendly, sociable and hard-working. I am fluent in English, so I can transmit the lessons easily.

I would be delighted to meet you in person to discuss my application. I am available for an interview on weekdays. I have attached my CV for reference. If my application is successful, I will be able to start work at the beginning of September.

I look forward to hearing from you soon.

Yours faithfully,

[Your name]