Grammar

1. Look at the photo. How old do you think the woman is? Why do you think she is famous?

(Nhìn vào bức hình. Bạn nghĩ người phụ nữ bao nhiêu tuổi? Tại sao bạn nghĩ cô ấy nổi tiếng?)

Answer:

I think the woman in the picture is centenarian.

Maybe she's famous because she's the oldest woman in the world.

2. Read the text and check your ideas.

(Đọc văn bản và xem lại ý tưởng của bạn)

Jeanne Calment, the person with the longest lifespan ever, was born in 1875, in Arles, France. Her parents ran a shop in the town and she worked there when she was a teenager. While she was serving in the shop in 1888, she met Vincent van Gogh, who had come in to buy pencils. She thought he was ‘dirty, ugly and badly dressed’!

In 1896, at the age of 21, she married Fernand Calment and then gave birth to a daughter, Yvonne. Fernand was very wealthy so Jeanne never needed to work. She lived in Arles for the rest of her life, dying on 5 August 1997 at the age of 122.

So how did Jeanne manage to live so long? The French have their own theories, noting that she ate more than two pounds of chocolate a week and rode a bicycle until she was 100!

Answer:

Jeanne Calment, người có tuổi thọ cao nhất từ ​​trước đến nay, sinh năm 1875, tại Arles, Pháp. Cha mẹ cô điều hành một cửa hàng trong thị trấn và cô làm việc ở đó khi còn là một thiếu niên. Khi đang phục vụ trong cửa hàng vào năm 1888, cô đã gặp Vincent van Gogh, người đến mua bút chì. Cô ấy nghĩ anh ấy 'bẩn thỉu, xấu xí và ăn mặc tồi tệ'!

Năm 1896, ở tuổi 21, cô kết hôn với Fernand Calment và sau đó sinh một cô con gái, Yvonne. Fernand rất giàu có nên Jeanne không bao giờ phải đi làm. Bà sống ở Arles cho đến cuối đời, qua đời vào ngày 5 tháng 8 năm 1997 ở tuổi 122.

Vậy làm thế nào mà Jeanne có thể sống lâu như vậy? Người Pháp có lý thuyết của riêng họ, lưu ý rằng bà đã ăn hơn 2 pound sô cô la mỗi tuần và đạp xe cho đến khi bà 100 tuổi!

3. Complete the Learn this! box with the tenses below. Then underline an example of each of the rules (a—d) in the text in exercise 2.

(Hoàn thành phần Learn this với các thì bên dưới. Sau đó gạch dưới một ví dụ về mỗi quy tắc (a—d) trong văn bản ở bài tập 2)

past continuous past perfect past simple

LEARN THIS! Past tenses

a. We use the (1) __________ for a sequence of events that happened one after another.

In 1989, my parents met, fell in love and got married.

b. We use the (2) __________ to describe a scene in the past. The events were in progress at the same time.

It was raining and people were rushing home from work.

c. We use the (3) __________ for a single event that interrupted a longer event in the past. We use the (4) __________ for the longer event.

My parents got engaged while they were living in Wales.

d. We use the (5) __________ for an event that happened before another event in the past.

He had started a business before he left school.

Answer:

LEARN THIS! Past tenses

a. We use the (1) past simple for a sequence of events that happened one after another.

In 1989, my parents met, fell in love and got married.

b. We use the (2) past continuous to describe a scene in the past. The events were in progress at the same time.

It was raining and people were rushing home from work.

c. We use the (3) past simple for a single event that interrupted a longer event in the past. We use the (4) past continuous for the longer event.

My parents got engaged while they were living in Wales.

d. We use the (5) past perfect for an event that happened before another event in the past.

He had started a business before he left school.

In the text in exercise 2:

• Underline an example of (1) past simple: "Her parents ran a shop in the town and she worked there when she was a teenager."

• Underline an example of (2) past continuous: "While she was serving in the shop in 1888, she met Vincent van Gogh, who had come in to buy pencils."

• Underline an example of (3) past simple: "In 1896, at the age of 21, she married Fernand Calment and then gave birth to a daughter, Yvonne."

• Underline an example of (5) past perfect: "Jeanne never needed to work." (implies that she had enough wealth before she died)

4. Complete this sentence in three different ways using the three tenses in the Learn this! box. Use the verb learn. How does the meaning change?

(Hoàn thành câu này theo ba cách khác nhau bằng cách sử dụng ba thì trong phần Learn this! hộp. Sử dụng động từ học. nghĩa thay đổi như thế nào?)

When Tom left school, he _____ / _____ / _____ to drive.

Answer:

1. When Tom left school, he learned to drive. (Past simple)

This sentence implies that after Tom left school, he learned how to drive. The action of learning to drive happened in the past and is now complete.

1. When Tom left school, he was learning to drive. (Past continuous)

This sentence suggests that at the time Tom left school, he was in the process of learning how to drive. The action of learning to drive was ongoing and in progress at that time.

1. When Tom left school, he had learned to drive. (Past perfect)

This sentence indicates that by the time Tom left school, he had already learned how to drive. The action of learning to drive was completed before Tom left school and is placed before another past event.

5. Complete the sentences with the correct past simple, past continuous or past perfect form of the verbs in brackets.

(Hoàn thành các câu với dạng quá khứ đơn, quá khứ tiếp diễn hoặc quá khứ hoàn thành đúng của động từ trong ngoặc)

1. We __________ (move) house a lot while I __________ (grow up).

2. After Joe __________ (learn) to drive, he __________ (buy) a car.

3. George __________ (leave) school, __________ (go) to university and __________ (study) engineering.

4. My parents __________ (get) engaged in 1990. They __________ (fall) in love two years before, while they __________ (work) in London.

Answer:

1. We moved (past simple) house a lot while I was growing (past continuous) up.

2. After Joe learned (past simple) to drive, he bought (past simple) a car.

3. George left (past simple) school, went (past simple) to university and studied (past simple) engineering.

4. My parents got (past simple) engaged in 1990. They had fallen (past perfect) in love two years before, while they were working (past continuous) in London.

6. Complete the text with the past simple, past continuous or past perfect form of the verbs below.

(Hoàn thành đoạn văn với dạng quá khứ đơn, quá khứ tiếp diễn hoặc quá khứ hoàn thành của các động từ dưới đây)

be be become die get leave live meet not stop retire say work

Japan is the country with the most centenarians: over 50,000. It is also where Jiroemon Kimura the man with the longest lifespan ever, (1) __________ born in 1897. Kimura (2) __________ school at fourteen and (3) __________ a job in a post office. While he (4) __________ there, he (5) __________ his future wife Yae. He (6) __________ a postal worker for 45 years when he (7) __________ in 1962. But he (8) __________ working! He (9) __________ a farmer! In an interview just before he (10) __________ at the age of 116, he said he wasn’t sure why he (11) __________ so long. ‘Maybe it’s thanks to the sun’, he (12) __________. ‘I’m always looking up to the sky!’

Answer:

Japan is the country with the most centenarians: over 50,000. It is also where Jiroemon Kimura the man with the longest lifespan ever, (1) was born in 1897. Kimura (2) left school at fourteen and (3) got a job in a post office. While he (4) was working there, he (5) met his future wife Yae. He (6) worked as a postal worker for 45 years when he (7) retired in 1962. But he (8) didn’t stop working! He (9) became a farmer! In an interview just before he (10) died at the age of 116, he said he wasn’t sure why he (11) lived so long. ‘Maybe it’s thanks to the sun’, he (12) said. ‘I’m always looking up to the sky!’

7. SPEAKING. Tell the class about a real or invented person from a previous generation (e.g. a parent, grandparent). Use the headings below and make use of past tenses.

(Kể cho cả lớp nghe về một người có thật hoặc được tạo ra từ thế hệ trước (ví dụ: cha mẹ, ông bà). Sử dụng các tiêu đề dưới đây và sử dụng các thì quá khứ)

Born when / where? Education? Jobs? Married? Family? Moved? Other interesting facts?

Answer:

I would love to tell you about my grandfather, who was born in a small village in rural India in 1930. His name was Rajiv and he lived a very interesting life.

Born when / where?

My grandfather was born in 1930 in a small village called Kalka in the state of Haryana, India. He was the youngest of four siblings and his parents were farmers.

Education?

My grandfather received his early education in the village school, but his thirst for knowledge led him to move to the city to pursue higher studies. He completed his bachelor's degree in economics from a prestigious university in New Delhi.

Jobs?

After completing his education, my grandfather got a job as a government official in the revenue department. He worked there for over 30 years, rising through the ranks to become a senior officer.

Married? Family?

My grandfather got married in 1955 to my grandmother, who was a school teacher. They had three children - two sons and a daughter - and my father was the youngest of them all.

Moved?

My grandfather moved around quite a bit during his lifetime, owing to the nature of his job. He lived in several different cities in India, including New Delhi, Mumbai, and Kolkata.

Other interesting facts?

My grandfather was a very well-read person and had a keen interest in literature and music. He was also a great storyteller and loved regaling his grandchildren with tales from his own life as well as stories from Indian mythology. He was a very principled person and believed in standing up for what was right, even if it meant going against the establishment. He passed away in 2010 at the age of 80, but his legacy lives on through his children and grandchildren.