Grammar

1. SPEAKING Describe the photo. What are the people discussing, do you think?

(Mô tả bức ảnh. Mọi người đang thảo luận điều gì, bạn nghĩ sao?)

Sally: We were supposed to be there by five and it’s 5.15 already. If you’d remembered the satnav, we wouldn't have got lost.

Ben: We aren't lost. I know where we are on the map. We're nearly there.

Sally: If we'd left home on time, we'd have arrived by now.

Ben: Well, that isn’t my fault, is it? We'd have left on time if your mum hadn’t phoned just as we were leaving.

Sally: Don’t blame my mum! And we wasted so much time at the services. If we’d made sandwiches (like I suggested), we wouldn't have had to stop for lunch.

Ben: Look, we're here now, and only fifteen minutes late. That isn’t so bad.

Answer:

It seems like Sally and Ben are discussing the reasons why they are late for their planned destination. Sally seems to be frustrated about being late and believes that they got lost because Ben forgot the satnav and wasted time at the services. Ben is defensive and says that they are not lost and he knows where they are on the map. He also blames Sally's mum for calling at the wrong time and denies that they are that late. They both seem to have different perspectives on the situation and are trying to justify their actions.

2. Read and listen to the dialogue. Look at the highlighted sentences and answer the questions. Then find one more third conditional sentence in the dialogue.

(Đọc và nghe đoạn đối thoại. Nhìn vào các câu được đánh dấu và trả lời các câu hỏi. Sau đó tìm thêm một câu điều kiện thứ ba trong đoạn hội thoại)

• If you’d remembered the satnav, we wouldn't have got lost.
• If we'd left home on time, we'd have arrived by now.
• If we’d made sandwiches, we wouldn't have had to stop for lunch.

1. Did Ben remember the satnav?

2. Did they leave home on time?

3. Did they make sandwiches for the journey?

Answer:

1. Did Ben remember the satnav?

1. No, Ben forgot the satnav

2. Did they leave home on time?

1. No, they didn't leave home on time.

3. Did they make sandwiches for the journey?

1. No, they didn't make sandwiches for the journey.

One more third conditional sentence in the dialogue is:

We'd have left on time if your mum hadn’t phoned just as we were leaving.

3. Look at the highlighted sentences in the dialogue and answer the questions below. Then read the Learn this! box and complete the examples.

(Nhìn vào các câu được đánh dấu trong đoạn hội thoại và trả lời các câu hỏi bên dưới. Sau đó đọc phần Tìm hiểu này! hộp và hoàn thành các ví dụ)

• If you’d remembered the satnav, we wouldn't have got lost.
• If we'd left home on time, we'd have arrived by now.
• If we’d made sandwiches, we wouldn't have had to stop for lunch.

1. What tense is used in the If clause?

2. What form is used in the main clause?

3. How is have pronounced?

LEARN THIS! The third conditional

a. We form the third conditional with if + past perfect, would have + past participle.

If I had seen her, I would have offered her a lift.

b. We use the third conditional to talk about imaginary situations and to say how things could have been different in the past.

If you hadn't gone by taxi, you (1) _____________ (not arrive) on time.

c. We often use it to express regret or criticism.

If you (2) _____________ (leave) earlier, you (3) _____________ (not be) late!

Answer:

1. The past perfect tense is used in the If clause.

2. The conditional perfect form "would have" + past participle is used in the main clause.

3. "Have" is pronounced with a weak /ə/ sound, as in "would have" /wʊd əv/.

Examples for the Learn this! box:

1. If you hadn't gone by taxi, you would not have arrived on time.

2. If you had left earlier, you would not be late!

4. Write sentences and questions in the third conditional.

(Viết câu và câu hỏi trong câu điều kiện loại 3)

1. Tom / take / a taxi // if / he / have / some cash on him

• Tom would have taken a taxi if he'd had some cash on him.

2. If / I / know / it / be / your birthday // I / buy / you / a present

3. if / we / walk / all the way home // we / be / exhausted

4. if / I / not want / to work on this journey // I / not take / the train

5. if / we / have / more time // we / can / change / some money at the airport

6. what / you / do // you / oversleep / this morning ?

Answer:

2. If I had known it was your birthday, I would have bought you a present.

3. If we had walked all the way home, we would have been exhausted.

4. If I hadn't wanted to work on this journey, I wouldn't have taken the train.

5. If we had had more time, we could have changed some money at the airport.

6. What would you have done if you had overslept this morning?

5. PRONUNCIATION Read the Look out! box. Then read out the sentences in exercise 4 using contractions where appropriate. Listen and check.

(Đọc Look out. Sau đó đọc to các câu trong bài tập 4 bằng cách sử dụng các từ rút gọn khi thích hợp. Nghe và kiểm tra)

LOOK OUT!

In written English we do not usually contract the verb have in the third conditional sentences. But in spoken

English, we do, pronouncing it as /ev/.

Written form: would have I'd have wouldn't have

Pronounced as: would've I'd’ve wouldn’t’ve

Answer:

HỌC SINH TỰ THỰC HÀNH.

6. Read the sentences about what actually happened. Then write sentences about how things might have been different. Use the third conditional.

(Đọc các câu về những gì thực sự đã xảy ra. Sau đó viết các câu về việc mọi thứ có thể đã khác đi như thế nào. Sử dụng điều kiện thứ ba)

1. We turned left and we got lost.

If we hadn't turned left, we wouldn't have got lost.

2. I didn’t go by train because the ticket was so expensive.

3. I didn’t meet you at the airport because I didn’t know when you were arriving.

4. We stopped at the service station because we were nearly out of petrol.

5. I wasn't late for the meeting because I took a taxi.

6. I bought the tickets on the train because there wasn't a ticket office at the station.

Answer:

2. If the train ticket hadn't been so expensive, I would have gone by train.

3. If I had known when you were arriving, I would have met you at the airport.

4. If we hadn't been nearly out of petrol, we wouldn't have stopped at the service station.

5. If I hadn't taken a taxi, I would have been late for the meeting.

6. If there had been a ticket office at the station, I wouldn't have bought the tickets on the train.

7. SPEAKING Work in pairs. Use the third conditional to complete the sentences. Ask and answer about the information in the sentences.

(Làm việc theo cặp. Sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 3 để hoàn thành câu. Hỏi và trả lời về thông tin trong câu)

1. If I'd felt ill this morning, __________________.

2. If there hadn't been school last Friday, __________________.

3. If I'd felt hungry on the way home from school yesterday, __________________.

4. If I'd forgotten to do my homework at the weekend, __________________.

5. If I hadn't studied English in primary school, __________________.

6. If I’d been late for school this morning, __________________.

What would you have done if you'd felt ill this morning?

I'd have ... / I wouldn’t have ...

Answer:

1. If I'd felt ill this morning, I would have stayed at home and rested.

• What would you have done if you had felt ill this morning?

• I would have stayed at home and rested.

2. If there hadn't been school last Friday, I wouldn’t have woken up early and would have slept in.

• If there hadn't been school last Friday, what would you have done?

• I wouldn’t have woken up early and would have slept in.

3. If I'd felt hungry on the way home from school yesterday, I would have stopped at a café to grab a snack.

• What would you have done if you had felt hungry on the way home from school yesterday?

• I would have stopped at a café to grab a snack.

4. If I'd forgotten to do my homework at the weekend, I would have had to rush and complete it on Sunday night.

• If you had forgotten to do your homework at the weekend, what would have happened?

• I would have had to rush and complete it on Sunday night.

5. If I hadn't studied English in primary school, I would have found it difficult to communicate with English-speaking people now.

• If you hadn't studied English in primary school, what would have been difficult for you now?

• I would have found it difficult to communicate with English-speaking people now.

6. If I’d been late for school this morning, I would have missed the first class and probably received a late slip from my teacher.

• If you had been late for school this morning, what would have happened?

• I would have missed the first class and probably received a late slip from my teacher.